Many in Malaysia criticize the policy of reserving a certain percentage of university seats for each race, maintaining that admission should be purely on academic merit. While I feel the pain of students who are denied opportunities in favor of another with lesser results, I do think that there are also arguments in favor of the quota system as well.
In the United States, the quota system is alive and well too, especially in the top universities such as Harvard and Yale. It is already common knowledge that Asian students need better grades to get into a top university compared to African-American and Latino students, as Asians are already overrepresented in the Ivies while the other two races are underrepresented, admissions officers try to "re-balance" the student percentages. The proclaimed reason for doing so is to build a more diverse class.
Truth be told, the very reason that American universities base their admissions on a diverse, holistic set of criteria that includes much more than academic achievement was due to racial factors - in the 19th century Jews were attending the top universities in numbers far in excess to their proportion of the population, hence the administration had to do some "re-balancing".
This may strike many of us as unfair, and in a way it is, for shouldn't a student who works hard to score 90 marks be rewarded over another who scores 80, no matter the color of their skin?
If the sole purpose of the university system was to provide education and advance human knowledge, this would indeed be greatly unfair. Yet the top universities serve another purpose, which is to provide a pathway to participate in the top political and business circles. A huge number of America's elite come from the Ivies, thus to allow all ethnic groups to have a stake in the top, an effort to ensure diversity is necessary. The same predominance of alumni of prestigious universities can be seen in the ruling circles of many countries, many Chinese leaders come from Tsinghua university, while in Japan the University of Tokyo is the road to Parliament.
Does this apply in our country now? Due to the relative youth of our universities, many top leaders have been educated overseas, however in time I believe the influence of our top university alumni will be increasingly felt in political circles. Thus in principle, there is something to say for the quota system, despite its unfairness to individual students.
Of course, there are more deep-seated problems with politics as it is run in our nation, but those are separate from the theory I have expounded on above.
